Accounting & Business math Assignment Help & Online Tutoring

Business math is the mathematics used in business and accounting, including percentages, ratios, markup and discounts, simple and compound interest, annuities, loans, depreciation, payroll and financial ratios. It helps people price products, compare loans, plan savings and understand financial statements, and it prepares students for accounting and finance courses.

Markup is profit expressed as a percentage of cost, while margin is profit expressed as a percentage of selling price. A product that costs $60 and sells for $90 has a $30 profit, which is a 50% markup but only a 33.3% margin. Always check which base a question uses.

Simple interest equals principal multiplied by the annual rate, as a decimal, multiplied by time in years. For example, $5,000 at 6% for 3 years earns 5,000 × 0.06 × 3 = $900. Interest is charged only on the original principal, so it grows by the same amount each year.

Use A = P(1 + r/n) raised to the power nt, where P is the principal, r is the annual rate as a decimal, n is the number of compounding periods per year and t is the number of years. Compound interest is A minus P. Interest earns interest, so the amount grows faster than simple interest.

The effective annual rate is the true yearly interest rate once compounding is included. It equals (1 + r/n) to the power n, minus one. A 6% rate compounded monthly has an effective rate of about 6.17%. It allows fair comparison of loans or savings with different compounding frequencies.

Chain or series trade discounts are applied one after another, not added. Multiply the list price by one minus each discount in turn. A 20% and 10% chain on $500 gives 500 × 0.80 × 0.90 = $360. The single equivalent discount is 28%, not 30%.

An annuity is a series of equal payments made at regular intervals, such as monthly loan repayments or regular savings deposits. In an ordinary annuity payments come at the end of each period, and in an annuity due they come at the start. Present value and future value formulas find loan sizes, payments and savings balances.

Use PMT = PV × i ÷ [1 − (1 + i) to the power −n], where PV is the loan amount, i is the monthly rate and n is the number of monthly payments. A $20,000 loan over 5 years at 9% a year gives a payment of about $415.17 a month.

Straight-line depreciation spreads the cost of an asset, minus its residual value, evenly over its useful life. The annual charge is cost minus residual value, divided by the number of years. A $12,000 machine with a $2,000 residual value and 5-year life is depreciated by $2,000 each year.

Straight-line depreciation charges the same amount each year. Reducing balance, or declining balance, depreciation applies a fixed percentage to the asset's remaining book value, so charges are higher in early years and lower later. Reducing balance better matches assets that lose value quickly, such as vehicles and computers.

The current ratio equals current assets divided by current liabilities, and measures a business's ability to pay short-term debts. A ratio of around 1.5 to 2 is often considered comfortable, though the right level depends on the industry. A very high ratio may suggest cash or stock is not being used efficiently.

Subtract the old value from the new value, divide the result by the old value and multiply by 100. If sales rise from $40,000 to $50,000, the change is 10,000 ÷ 40,000 × 100 = 25%. A common mistake is dividing by the new value instead of the original value.

A scientific calculator handles most business math, but a financial calculator such as the TI BA II Plus or HP 10bII makes interest, annuity and loan calculations faster with time-value-of-money keys. Excel functions such as PMT, FV, PV and RATE are also widely used. Check which tools your exam allows.

Yes. A tutor explains each formula, works through word problems with you and shows you how to set out clear workings and check your answers. You complete your own homework during or after the session, so you understand the methods for tests and stay within your school's academic integrity rules.